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International Conference for Universal Design 2010

Publication

IASDR Conference 2013

Coding Single LED Signal for Information Perception

Chih-Wei Lai, Yen- Ting Chu, Feng-Sheng Lin, Yi-Kuang Chen, Nai-Yu Wang, Yi-Fang Ho,T. K. Philip Hwang

 

 

  ABSTRACT :

 

LED status indicator has commonly found on electric devices. In human-machines interface, light signals provide status, feedback and information that convey a message or meaning. Many products equipped with LED status indicator that delivers message according to its functionality. However, there are no consistent implications of light signal pattern, that can cause confusions or human casualties. Therefore, this study explored users perception among various patterns of single LED signals, in hopes of improving the light signal coding in human-machine interactions.

 

This study contains three phases. The first phase started with collection of current technologies of light signals and summarizing literature related to perception, memory, followed by discussing elements of composing status indicator light signals, including color, frequencies, and flickering pattern. The second phase focused on recoding every individual pattern of LED signals and constructing two sets of light signal patterns, that were designed with instant messaging specifically for electric charging context and electric heating context. The coding steps are (a) determining product property, (b) selecting status information, (c) setting light signal patterns, and (d) matching corresponding frequency and flickering method . The third phase is the validation of users recognisation (perceptibility) of status indictor light signal sets. The experiments were designed based on the code selection criteria.

 

The research findings: (1) Patterns of light signal in both charging context and heating context presented high matching effect. (2) Those did not read users instructions were not inferior to those who did in completing the recognizing tasks, which indicated the intuitive perceptibility of the proposed status indictor light signal sets. (3) Users took longer time to complete the status indictor light signal sets recognizing tasks in heating context than in charging context. The status indictor light signal design for heating product or products that require security concern, needs to employ multimodal interface (combining voice or symbols) for message assuredness.

 

 

Keywords： LED signal light; light pattern

Employ Consistent Interface to Various Ticket Vending Systems for Diverse User Experiences

Jisook Han*, Li-Chiao,Chu**, Yun-Hei Lai , T. K. Philip Hwang

 

 

  ABSTRACT :

 

Interface design transaction kiosks should be optimized for first-time use and provide consistent interface and operation sequence among functionally similar systems, such as the Taiwan High Speed Rail(TSHA) and the Taiwan Railway(TRA)'s ticket vending machines. This study is intended to employ concept of consistent interface, overview plus detail (OPD) and metaphoric interfaces to ticket vending machine for TSHA and TRA. The operation sequence, screens layout and option buttons in ticket vending machine are mainly redesigned for various mass transportation systems. The assessment revealed that experienced users of any one of the two ticket vending system performed less error and better efficiency when using the other ticket vending systems. Furthermore, the study remarked that users were able to easily identify the location of information, process of operation, and progress through interactively, intensely and deliberately designed page layout.

 

 

Keywords： interface consistency; overview plus detail (OPD); metaphoric interfaces

Universal Assistive Perching Device for Bathroom Safety

Wei Hsiang Tang, Po Yen Yeh, Chia Hao Hung, Seng Ieong Ng, Hsiang Wen Shih, T. K. Philip Hwang

 

 

  ABSTRACT :

 

To maintain the "independent living" until the end of life, older people need to keep themselves from being "ill" and "falls".Among population aged over 65 years old in Taiwan, 37% of older people are in good health, 59% are in poor health, but can live independently (Hu Ming-Xia, 1998). In fact, older people want and hope to live independently. However, losing mobility is the main reason that causes older people being inactive, and is caused mainly by disease and falling (20.5% in Bureau of Health Promotion, Taiwan, 2005). According to statistics, one-third of older population experience falls every year (Tan Jian-min, 2009), while 70% of falls are occur at Home, in which the bathroom and toilet is the most prevailing occasion. (Xie Chang-cheng et al., 2007).

 

This study analyzed the actions and postures of older people when walking, using basin, toilet and shower, and summarized in six mobility types including: walking, crossing a high, turning around, bend over, stand/sit transform and upper limbs movements. Problems were found in commencing six mobility types, including: losing balance, muscle weakness and posture difficulties. Through appropriate measures of "balance assist" and "posture support" (perch), these problems can be improved and then, accidents of falling should be avoidable.

 

To achieve this goal, concept design of perch device to fulfill the requirements of "balance assist" and "posture support" was developed following the prospect of Universal Design. Proposed concept of design was reviewed by potential users including different age groups.

 

 

Keywords：universal design; balance assist; posture support

To Substitite Fast-Forward/Backward Keys for Numeric Keypad of TV Remote Controller

Horng-Yi Yu 1, Jui-Ping Ma , T. K. Philip Hwang

 

 

  ABSTRACT :

 

This paper describes the problems of TV channel change using existing remote controller. French company Witbe (2008) have determined the average channel change takes 1.9 seconds by using the up/down button on a remote; 3.4 seconds if it's chosen directly by numeric keypad. Accordingly, the pilot study of this research revealed that the mental workload (frequency of visual focuses shifting between TV screen and remote controller) of using numeric keypad was higher than that of using up/down keys. A pair of dedicated keys were developed and located near up/down keys. The functions of dedicated keys were set as fast-forward 10 channels and fast-backward 10 channels respectively. An experiment was carried and the result indicates that mental workload of operating dedicated keys was significantly improved. The average vision focuses shifting frequency of operating numeric keypad and dedicated keys set were 2.5 times and 1.0 times respectively.

 

 

Keywords：fast-forward key; mental workload; remote controller

HCI International 2011

Accommodating Both Expert Users and Novice Users in One Interface by Utilizing Multi-Layer Interface in Complex Function Products

T. K. Philip Hwang , Horng-Yi Yu​

 

 

  ABSTRACT :

 

Rapid development of electronic technology promotes the complex function of a product. Users have to adapt themselves to interface with diverse mental model setting. To improve usability, both resolutions of consistent interface and wizard interface were frequently applied to help novice. However, both of them require as much time for those who are familiar with the system, i.e. expert users. Shneiderman (2000) remarked that Universal Usability requires that software systems accommodate a diverse set of users. Multi-Layer interface might be a solution for complex user interface and satisfy both novice and expert users. The idea of multi-layer interface has been applied to hardware and software interface design. Cases were discussed in which the improved Multi-Layer Interface was analyzed and conclusions made.​

 

 

Keywords：runiversal usability; multi-layer interface; consistent interface​

Consistent Interface for Fitness Equipment

T. K. Philip Hwang , Horng-Yi Yu , Terrence Wang , Rong Wu

 

 

  ABSTRACT :

 

Rapid development of electronic science benefits the complex function of fitness equipment.Meanwhile, complicated operation system challenges users, especially novice. There are various operation processes among fitness equipment. Users have to adapt to interface with diverse mental model setting when using different fitness equipment. For this reason, this study intended to unify user interface of exercise bikes and treadmills, and verify it. The hypothesis is that consistent interface would actually enhance the learnability of operating a set of fitness equipment for aerobic exercise. A set of consistent interface was designed for universally applying in different fitness equipment. Then, the design outcome was verified by comparing the learnability of consistent interface and that of existing inconsistent interface. The result indicates that both efficiency and error rate of operating the consistent interface was significantly improved.

 

 

Keywords：consistent interface design; fitness equipment; universal access

Exploring the Seating Demand of Older People's Daily Journey

T. K. Philip Hwang , J. P. Ma, J. C. Hsieh, C. C. Chang

 

 

  ABSTRACT :

 

The purpose of this study is to define problems of older people using seats at bus stations, and then, to provide designers with seating design advice. Firstly, an observation was carried out to discover problems and requirements for recess and seating among older people. Secondly, case studies were conducted by tracing four older people’s daily journey. Time and period were recorded following each correspondent’s activities, including walking, standing and seating. Data were analysed using Gantt chart. Research findings include: (1) Older people spent more than half of the travelling time for recess in their daily journey. (2) Seating is the main manner in taking a rest among older people and consists more than 60% of recess time period. (3) Difficulties were found in sitting down and especially in getting up from a seat caused by weaken muscle strength. (4) Older user did not usually lean against the backrest when seated at bus stations

 

 

Keywords：seat; older people; recess​

HCI International 2015

Virtual Touchpad for Cursor Control of Touchscreen Thumb Operation in the Mobile Context

Yu-Ren Lai, Philip Hwang

 

 

  ABSTRACT :

 

This study formulated existing virtual pointing techniques for cursor control in the mobile context of touchscreen thumb operation. Three virtual pointing models were developed, including: Virtual Touchpad, Virtual Joystick and Virtual Direction Key. In order to verify their usability and feasibility, a user study was employed to evaluate the usability of three virtual pointing models, followed by the focus group interview to experienced usability designers, in which, constraints of touchscreen cursor control in mobile context were defined and rated against three virtual pointing models. Research findings: (1) Virtual Touchpad was significantly efficient than others, while Virtual Direction Key presented lower error rate, although insignificantly. (2) Constraints of touchscreen cursor control in mobile context include: stable and simple operation, Interruptible operation is better and avoids accurate pointing. Virtual Direction Key stood out as the most stable, simple and interruptible pointing control.

 

 

Keywords： virtual touchpad,  cursor control,  thumb operation

ISTS 2014

Usability in Care Appeals for Patients Carrying Urinary Catheter Bags

Suany Martin, Yun-Chi Wu, Kathelyne Chang, Po-zen Yan, Prof. Philip Hwang

 

 

  ABSTRACT :

 

Foley catheter and urine drainage bag patients have urinary incontinence (leakage), urinary retention (not being able to urinate). Our mission is to provide a product that gives Foley catheter users a more comfortable design care appeal. Our Upants made from quality materials and available in multiple designs for man and women, the design is to fulfill the patients requirements including: (1) the urine drainage bags has to be hidden for a better appearance; (2) the urine drainage bag has to be fitted attach to the catheter while walking; (3) having an easy operation of releasing the urine. Prototype was made to evaluate the function and usability of the catheter and modification was made to achieve the above design goals.

 

 

Keywords： usability,  facility,  care appeals

Clinical Assistive Device for Preventing Hand Muscular Contracture

Yu-Ling Lee, Li-Chiao Chu, Philip Hwang

 

 

  ABSTRACT :

 

Hand Muscular Contracture appears mostly after suffering strokes, because of damaged nerves and muscle convulsion, muscle tension gets unusually high with eventually leads to muscular atrophy. After rehabilitation sufferers are made to wear an assistive device to hold the hand in place, delaying the spread and further damage to the hand. The design achieves a smaller footprint compared to existing ones; the assistive device also help keep fingers separated for avoiding friction. A ribbon is attached for keeping the devise on the right position.

 

 

Keywords： muscle tension,  clinical assistive device,  muscular contracture

Modular Elastic Tubular Net Bandage Dispenser Design for Easy Access in the Context of Nursing Cart

 

Chiao-Chun Ni, Carlos Eduardo Nuila, Cheng-Kui Fan, Philip Hwang

 

 

  ABSTRACT :

 

The emergency room treats many injuries daily, for which the last step is the application of an elastic tubular net bandage with the purpose of holding the remedy in place. The abundance of injuries and the diversity of wounds make it necessary to have various sizes of tubular net bandage readily available. Nonetheless, emergency room nurse carts are limited in space and the size of traditional bandage containers is substantial. As a result, often more critical supplies give way in order to have a full set of tubular net bandages on the cart at all times. Integrated Elastic Tubular Net Bandage Dispenser was designed to not only meet the space and quantity requirements of the emergency room, but also to provide a more usable product in terms of visibility and use ergonomics. Integrated Elastic Tubular Net Bandage Dispenser was subjected to various tests and validated for Usability, Bandage extraction and refilling; the results of which were satisfactory.

 

 

Keywords： clinical assistive device; usability; human centered design.

Clinical Assistive Device of Bed Positioning for Preventing Pressure Ulcers

 

Virginia Chan, Zhong-Yi Huang, Ya-Qi Zhang, Philip Hwang

 

 

  ABSTRACT :

 

Clinical Assistive Device of Bed Positioning for Preventing Pressure Ulcers was designed with the objective of helping nurses to achieve the task of repositioning a bedridden patient with as little effort as possible; with the added benefit of helping to reduce Pressure Ulcers (PU).

The traditional way of repositioning requires the participation of many carers lifting up the patient, moving them over from the center of the bed a small distance to either side and then proceeding to turn them ninety degrees on their side. Several prototypes were made with an emphasis in material breathability and the friction relationship between the layers of the device and the bed lining material; such experiments have proven useful in the process of adjusting the design for the best results possible, in terms of function and usability for both the carers and the patients.

 

 

Keywords： pressure ucer; bed positioning; assistive device

HCI International 2016

Uncertainty and Mental Workload among Wayfinding Strategiest

 

Yu-Ren Lai, Yi Chia Chien, Po An Tsai, Yu Ting Lin, Ssu Min Wu, Kuan Ting Chen, Yu Ting Han, Philip Hwang

​

 

 

  ABSTRACT :

 

Taiwan welcomed 8 million international visitors in 2013. There is no doubt that this population is growing. In a study by Chang Hsuan Hsuan (2013), subjects had 38% failure rate in three wayfinding tests. It is obvious that travelers require guidance from time to time during the journey. Normally, travelers use maps; however once feeling uncertainty, they would seek for excessive reassurance from others (AnxietyBC, 2014).This study summarized way-finding strategies into two kinds. The first one is “turn-by-turn strategy”, in which travelers ask for directions as primary wayfinding information. The second is “map strategy”, in which visitors employ a map for way-finding. As providing tourists with a piece of map seems to be a regular practice, this study intended to challenge it by examining efficiency, frequency of information inquiry and mental workload in the wayfinding journeys.In the experiment, we employed “participant observation” and recorded way-finding process of subjects such as way-finding behavior and reassurance time and location.

 

Research findings are as follows:

1. Those using “turn-by-turn strategy” save time of journey, in other words, they are faster reach the destination than that of “map strategy”.

2. Those using “turn-by-turn strategy” inquired wayfinding information less frequently, which means less frequently bothered by intolerance of uncertainty.

3. Locating the position on the map is the major factor for those applying “map strategy” who have high frequency of reading map, and minor for navigation.

​

Keywords： wayfinding, navigation, anxiety, intolerance of uncertainty

國立臺北科技大學 工業設計系暨創新設計研究所 通用設計研究室 版權所有
National Taipei University of Technology Dept.

of Graduate Institute of Innovation and Design

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